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宁波网站设计企业,国内优秀网页设计赏析,门户型网站建设,做神马网站优化排名软目录 一、实验 1.OVS 交换机管理 2.OVS端口管理 二、问题 1.KVM下的br0和virbr0有何区别 2.OVS 虚拟交换机 与接口如何实现关联的创建和删除 3.两个ovs之间如何进行流量交互 4.虚拟网络如何和物理网络互联 一、实验 1.OVS 交换机管理 （1）查看网…

目录

一、实验

1.OVS 交换机管理

2.OVS端口管理

二、问题

1.KVM下的br0和virbr0有何区别

2.OVS 虚拟交换机 与接口如何实现关联的创建和删除

3.两个ovs之间如何进行流量交互

4.虚拟网络如何和物理网络互联

一、实验

1.OVS 交换机管理

（1）查看网络信息

lo:本地回环接口

enp0s17 :  ubuntu系统识别到的物理网卡

virbr0/br1/virbr0-nic : linux bridge 网桥相关

root:~# ip add show
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lovalid_lft forever preferred_lft foreverinet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: enp0s17: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000link/ether 08:00:27:d8:2a:24 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet 192.168.31.20/24 brd 192.168.31.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute enp0s17valid_lft 42599sec preferred_lft 42599secinet6 fe80::f79a:6227:76ba:e22e/64 scope link noprefixroute valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: br1: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether 3a:e1:3f:67:ea:22 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
4: virbr0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether 52:54:00:2f:20:d6 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet 192.168.122.1/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global virbr0valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
5: virbr0-nic: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel master virbr0 state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether 52:54:00:2f:20:d6 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

（2）安装 openvswitch-switch

sudo apt-get install openvswitch-switch

（3）查看软件ID与软件版本

root:/# sudo ovs-vsctl show
e436b05b-210c-468a-9d94-fd63c6c419edovs_version: "2.9.8"

（4）创建OVS 虚拟交换机

ovs-vsctl add-br br0

（5）查看openvswitch

root:/# sudo ovs-vsctl show
e436b05b-210c-468a-9d94-fd63c6c419edBridge "br0"Port "br0"Interface "br0"type: internalovs_version: "2.9.8"

（6）删除OVS 虚拟交换机并查看

ovs-vsctl del-br br0

（7）再次查看openvswitch。显示已删除

root:/# sudo ovs-vsctl show
e436b05b-210c-468a-9d94-fd63c6c419edovs_version: "2.9.8"

2.OVS端口管理

 （1）向br0 中添加 if01端口，并且绑定 if01接口，设置端口类型 internal类型

ovs-vsctl add-port br0 if01 -- set interface if01 type=internal

（2）将if01端口设置为access VLAN模式

ovs-vsctl set port if01 VLAN_mode=access

（3)查看openvswitch

root:/# sudo ovs-vsctl show
e436b05b-210c-468a-9d94-fd63c6c419edBridge "br0"Port "if01"Interface "if01"type: internalPort "br0"Interface "br0"type: internalovs_version: "2.9.8"

（4）查看网络信息

已新增br0和if01

root:/# ip addr show
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lovalid_lft forever preferred_lft foreverinet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: enp0s17: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000link/ether 08:00:27:d8:2a:24 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet 192.168.31.20/24 brd 192.168.31.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute enp0s17valid_lft 39205sec preferred_lft 39205secinet6 fe80::f79a:6227:76ba:e22e/64 scope link noprefixroute valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: br1: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether 3a:e1:3f:67:ea:22 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
4: virbr0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether 52:54:00:2f:20:d6 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet 192.168.122.1/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global virbr0valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
5: virbr0-nic: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel master virbr0 state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether 52:54:00:2f:20:d6 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
8: ovs-system: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether 3a:6f:7f:57:9f:3d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
9: br0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether ae:f5:0b:f1:b4:4c brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
10: if01: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether 96:1e:9c:4d:4d:62 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

(5)向br0 中添加 if02端口，并且绑定 if02接口，设置端口类型 internal类型

ovs-vsctl add-port br0 if02 -- set interface if02 type=internal

(6)查看openvswitch

root:/# sudo ovs-vsctl show
e436b05b-210c-468a-9d94-fd63c6c419edBridge "br0"Port "if02"Interface "if02"type: internalPort "if01"Interface "if01"type: internalPort "br0"Interface "br0"type: internalovs_version: "2.9.8"

(7) 查看网络信息

root:/# ip addr show
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lovalid_lft forever preferred_lft foreverinet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: enp0s17: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000link/ether 08:00:27:d8:2a:24 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet 192.168.31.20/24 brd 192.168.31.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute enp0s17valid_lft 39017sec preferred_lft 39017secinet6 fe80::f79a:6227:76ba:e22e/64 scope link noprefixroute valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: br1: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether 3a:e1:3f:67:ea:22 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
4: virbr0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether 52:54:00:2f:20:d6 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet 192.168.122.1/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global virbr0valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
5: virbr0-nic: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel master virbr0 state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether 52:54:00:2f:20:d6 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
8: ovs-system: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether 3a:6f:7f:57:9f:3d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
9: br0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether ae:f5:0b:f1:b4:4c brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
10: if01: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether 96:1e:9c:4d:4d:62 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
11: if02: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether 66:c9:a7:75:d2:d8 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

（8）删除名称为 br0的 ovs的if01端口

 ovs-vsctl del-port br0 if01

（9）查看openvswitch

root:/# sudo ovs-vsctl show
e436b05b-210c-468a-9d94-fd63c6c419edBridge "br0"Port "if02"Interface "if02"type: internalPort "br0"Interface "br0"type: internalovs_version: "2.9.8"

（10）查看br0桥-OVS上的所有添加的port端口

root:/# ovs-vsctl list-ports br0
if02

（11）查看网络信息
显示端口if01已删除

root:/# ip addr show
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lovalid_lft forever preferred_lft foreverinet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: enp0s17: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000link/ether 08:00:27:d8:2a:24 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet 192.168.31.20/24 brd 192.168.31.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute enp0s17valid_lft 38737sec preferred_lft 38737secinet6 fe80::f79a:6227:76ba:e22e/64 scope link noprefixroute valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: br1: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether 3a:e1:3f:67:ea:22 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
4: virbr0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether 52:54:00:2f:20:d6 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet 192.168.122.1/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global virbr0valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
5: virbr0-nic: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel master virbr0 state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether 52:54:00:2f:20:d6 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
8: ovs-system: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether 3a:6f:7f:57:9f:3d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
9: br0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether ae:f5:0b:f1:b4:4c brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
11: if02: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether 66:c9:a7:75:d2:d8 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

（12）删除名称为 br0的 ovs的if02端口

 ovs-vsctl del-port br0 if02

（13）查看openvswitch

root:/# sudo ovs-vsctl show
e436b05b-210c-468a-9d94-fd63c6c419edBridge "br0"Port "br0"Interface "br0"type: internalovs_version: "2.9.8"

（14）查看网络信息

root:/# ip addr show
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lovalid_lft forever preferred_lft foreverinet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: enp0s17: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000link/ether 08:00:27:d8:2a:24 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet 192.168.31.20/24 brd 192.168.31.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute enp0s17valid_lft 38698sec preferred_lft 38698secinet6 fe80::f79a:6227:76ba:e22e/64 scope link noprefixroute valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: br1: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether 3a:e1:3f:67:ea:22 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
4: virbr0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether 52:54:00:2f:20:d6 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet 192.168.122.1/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global virbr0valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
5: virbr0-nic: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel master virbr0 state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether 52:54:00:2f:20:d6 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
8: ovs-system: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether 3a:6f:7f:57:9f:3d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
9: br0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether ae:f5:0b:f1:b4:4c brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

（15）删除名称为 br0的 ovs

ovs-vsctl del-br br0

（16）查看openvswitch

root:/# sudo ovs-vsctl show
e436b05b-210c-468a-9d94-fd63c6c419edovs_version: "2.9.8"

二、问题

1.KVM下的br0和virbr0有何区别

（1）KVM 的三种网络模式

桥接、仅主机、NAT

（2）区别

默认br0是桥接模式；

virbr0为NAT模式,它其实就是hypervisor的虚拟接口

2.OVS 虚拟交换机 与接口如何实现关联的创建和删除

（1）关联操作

#向br0 – OVS中添加 if01 端口，并且绑定  if01接口  ，设置端口类型 internal类型
ovs-vsctl add-port br0 if01   -- set interface  if01 type=internal#将if01 端口设置为 access VLAN模式
ovs-vsctl set port if01 VLAN_mode=access#查看br0桥-OVS上的所有添加的port端口ovs-vsctl  list-ports br0 # 在ovs – br0 删除掉if01端口 （接口也删除）
ovs-vsctl   del-port  br0 if01#为VM虚拟机配置IP地址
sudo ifconfig eth0 172.16.10.1 netmask 255.255.255.0#查看br0的接口信息
ovs-ofctl show br0#查看br0的MAC地址表（VLAN信息）
ovs-appctl  fdb/show br0# 添加VLAN标记
ovs-vsctl  add port if01  tag 10  #将接口01划分到vlan10
ovs-vsctl  add port if02  tag 20  #将接口02划分到vlan20#删除VLAN标记
ovs-vsctl  remove port if01  tag 10  #将接口01划分到vlan10# 查看OVS数量-名称
ovs-vsctl list-br

3.两个ovs之间如何进行流量交互

（1）设置互联patch

#默认允许所有VLAN通过patch接口互联需要设置peer（对端）
ovs-vsctl add-port br0 patch-br0-br2 -- set interface patch-br0-br2 type=patch options:peer=patch-br2-br0ovs-vsctl add-port br2 patch-br2-br0 -- set interface patch-br2-br0 type=patch options:peer=patch-br0-br2

4.虚拟网络如何和物理网络互联

（1）添加上行链路

#将一个物理网卡作为OVS虚拟交换机的上行链路，一个网卡作为虚拟交换机的上行链路后，该网卡直接作为OVS的一个逻辑接口，衔接物理和虚拟网络
ovs-vsctl add port  br0 enp0s17   #将enp0s17物理网卡绑定到br0虚拟交换机，作为一个ovs中的一个接口ovs-ctl set port enp0s17 VLAN_mode=trunkovs-ctl set port enp0s17 trunk=10,20

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